Mumbai docs warn high prolactic levels can raise chances of infertility in women 

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Infertility is often associated with conditions such as Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), thyroid disorders, or age-related factors. However, doctors are increasingly diagnosing high prolactin levels as an important and treatable cause of infertility in women.

Prolactin is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the brain and is primarily responsible for breast milk production after childbirth. When prolactin levels become abnormally high in women who are not pregnant or breastfeeding, it can interfere with reproductive health and make conception difficult.

High prolactin levels are becoming a common finding among women seeking fertility treatment.
 
Dr Sumit Paranjpe, gynecologist, Apollo Spectra Hospital in Chembur said, “There is a 40 per cent of surge in infertility cases linked to high prolactin levels. Nearly, in a month, 4 out of 10 women aged 25-35 presenting with irregular periods and infertility are found to have elevated prolactin levels. Excess prolactin can suppress the hormones responsible for ovulation, resulting in irregular menstrual cycles or even the absence of periods. Without regular ovulation, the chances of conception decrease significantly. Apart from infertility, women may experience symptoms such as irregular periods, milky nipple discharge despite not being pregnant or breastfeeding, reduced libido, headaches, and emotional distress. Factors such as pituitary gland disorders, certain medications, thyroid problems, chronic stress, and hormonal imbalances can contribute to elevated prolactin levels.”

Dr Paranjpe further added, “High prolactin levels can usually be diagnosed through simple blood tests and managed effectively with appropriate treatment. Women should not ignore symptoms such as irregular periods, unexplained nipple discharge, or difficulty conceiving. Timely evaluation can help identify the underlying cause and restore normal ovulation. In many cases, medications can successfully lower prolactin levels, regulate menstrual cycles, and improve fertility outcomes. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, managing stress, and undergoing regular health check-ups can also support hormonal balance.”

Many women continue to struggle with infertility without realizing that a hormonal imbalance may be the underlying reason. At times women belonging to the age group of 25-35 seeking fertility consultations report symptoms such as irregular periods or ovulation-related issues. “The most common cause of ovulatory dysfunction is PCOS (now known as PMOS). Other causes include thyroid problems, high prolactin, chronic illness, hypothalamic issues, etc. Treatment may involve medications to induce ovulation in addition to advice regarding diet and exercise in women with PCOS. In cases where an underlying condition such as elevated prolactin or thyroid problem, is identified, targeted treatment can help normalize hormone levels and regularise cycles. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve fertility outcomes and prevent unnecessary delays in family planning. Raised prolactin level is not a common isolated cause for infertility but treating it in women identified to have high levels can help” concluded Dr Sneha Sathe, clinical director & fertility specialist, Nova IVF Fertility in Chembur.